Fig. 13.1 Voiding cystourethrogram showing proximal urethral dilatation with distal urethra narrowing and distortion of bladder morphology from spherical to oblong (Both: Used with permission from Groutz A, Blaivas JG,…
Fig. 7.1 Sagittal view of enterocele in post-hysterectomy patient. (Reprinted with permission, Cleveland Clinic Center for Medical Art & Photography © 2009–2013. All Rights Reserved) Given the results of the…
Fig. 9.1 (a) Blaivas–Groutz nomogram for bladder outlet obstruction. (b) Urodynamic tracing shows severe urethral obstruction (Type 2 in Blaivas-Groutz nomogram). Q max: maximum flow rate; P det@Q max: detrusor…
Fig. 4.1 PNE components. (a) Prep kit which includes drapes and prepping materials. (b) Test stimulation kit: foramen needles, syringe, and needle for local anesthetic, test stimulation lead, marking pen,…
Indications Congenital Myelodysplasia Tethered spinal cord Exstrophy (classic, cloacal, epispadias) Sacral agenesis Caudal regression Posterior urethral valves Acquired neurogenic Spinal cord injury Spinal tumors Myelitis Multiple sclerosis Idiopathic Acquired…
Fig. 15.1 Urethral erosion as demonstrated by a wide, patulous urethra Management options for these patients are limited. Unfortunately many of these patients are debilitated secondary to their medical comorbidities…
Fig. 7.1 Abdominal 2D ultrasound: (a) uterine agenesis: ESHRE/ESGE U5b C4 aplasia: vagina (white arrow), absent cervix and uterine body. (b) Transverse vaginal septum/imperforate hymen: ESHRE/ESGE U0 C0 V3: dilated…
Fig. 5.1 Examination trolley & range of equipment. Examination trolley showing from left to right: a tray with 0.1 % chlorhexidine cleaning fluid, a cusco speculum and lubricating jelly; sponge…
Fig. 6.1 Transrectal US with TVS probe imaging of a uterine agenesis with vaginal agenesis of the upper vaginal part: 1+ —-+ normal hypoechoic lower vaginal tract with hyperechoic upper…
Fig. 8.1 (ESHRE/ESGE U5b/C4/V4) Complete aplasia of the uterus and upper two-thirds of the vagina. (a) Sagittal (b) axial T2WI images show complete aplasia of the uterine corpus, cervix and…
