DSM–5 Acute-onset, fluctuating, usually reversible, change in mental status Disturbance in attention and awareness Change in at least one domain of cognition (e.g., memory, orientation, language, perceptual disturbances) Symptoms in…
Key aspects Symptom focus Population Challengesa Traditional individual therapy Tailored to individual needs, psychoeducation, crisis intervention, supportive psychotherapy, normalization of symptoms, and coping strategies Premorbid psychiatric condition or adjustment…
Fig. 6.1 (a) Pilocytic astrocytoma showing biphasic architecture, with both a loose, hypocellular pattern (right half) and a compact cellular pattern (left half). H&E, original magnification ×100. (b) Rosenthal fibers…
Fig. 4.1 The graphic demonstrates the increased carcinogenic risk related to radiation exposure for the pediatric population compared to the adult population. Reprinted from Peck DJ, Samei E. How to…
Fig. 9.1 Typically posterior fossa juvenile pilocytic astrocytomas Within the brainstem an exophytic tumor component is suggestive of a low grade glioma (Fig. 9.2). Fig. 9.2 Exophytic brainstem low grade…
Fig. 17.1 Choroid plexus carcinoma in an infant (MRI T2-weighted image) Pathology/Biology Choroid plexus papillomas are classified as a WHO grade I (low-grade) tumour, while choroid plexus carcinoma is a…
Fig. 16.1 Preoperative coronal (a) and sagittal (b) T1-weighted MR images following gadolinium infusion showing a predominantly cystic sellar and suprasellar craniopharyngioma in a 2 year old. Postoperative coronal (c)…
1. RS alone to exploit the biology of large single doses of radiation in low-grade tumors 2. RS as an adjunct to more conventionally fractionated radiation to escalate tumor dose…
Fig. 14.1 Germinoma resembles the primordial germ cell tumor of the gonads. Teratoma mimics the fetus itself, yolk sac tumor resembles the yolk sac, choriocarcinoma is similar to trophoblast or…
Fig. 23.1 Axial (a) and sagittal (b) brain MRI T1-weighted images with contrast showing a characteristic SMART syndrome. This 13-year-old female was treated with 39.6 Gy of craniospinal radiation following…
