Pharmacology of Progestogens
Fig. 2.1 Structure of progesterone The broad variety of progestogens available with different progestogenic potencies, as well as a whole array of partial effects, warrants a detailed presentation and description…
GYNECOLOGY
Progestogens in Infertility Practice
OR Side effects Studies (women) hCG vs. Placebo or No Rx 1.30 (0.09–1.88) OHSS 5 (746) Progestin/placebo, No Rx 1.83 (1.29–2.61) 7 (741) Progestin vs. hCG 1.14 (0.90–1.45) OHSS…
Progestogens and Recurrent Miscarriage
31. Nikas G, Drakakis P, Loutradis D, Mara-Skoufari C, Koumantakis E, Michalas S, et al. Uterine pinopodes as markers of the ‘nidation window’ in cycling women receiving exogenous oestradiol and…
Precancerous Lesions of Ovarian Clear Cell and Endometrioid Carcinomas
Fig. 3.1 Low power examination of ovarian endometriotic cyst lined by epithelium and underlying stroma with remote hemorrhage represented by pigment-laden macrophages. H&E 20× Fig. 3.2 Ovarian stroma with endometrial-type…
Precancerous Lesions of Endometrioid Adenocarcinoma
Features of cytologic atypia 1. Loss of nuclear polarity 2. Irregular nuclear shape 3. Irregular nuclear contours 4. Vesicular chromatin 5. Hyperchromatic chromatin 6. Prominent nucleoli Reclassification of hyperplastic endometria…
Cytology of Cervical Precancerous Lesions
Fig. 11.1 ASC-US (liquid-based preparation, LBP). (a) Mature squamous cells with nuclear enlargement, hyperchromasia, but even chromatin distribution. (b) ASC-US versus LSIL. Squamous cells with binucleation and nuclear enlargement: these…
Precancerous Lesions of Endometrial Serous Carcinomas
Fig. 8.1 Serous EIC in a glandular pattern and flat pattern Fig. 8.2 Serous EIC, glandular pattern: cytologic features – a given case may variably show severe pleomorphism, hobnail nuclei,…
Vulvar Intraepithelial Neoplasia
ISSVD 1976 ISSVD 1986 WHO 1994 ISSVD 2004 LASTa 2012 WHO 2014 Hyperplastic dystrophy with atypia, mild Vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) I Mild dysplasia (VIN 1) – Low-grade squamous intraepithelial…
Precursors of Cervical Adenocarcinomas
Fig. 12.1 Usual-type adenocarcinoma of the cervix, composed of tall columnar cells with significant nuclear enlargement, elongation, stratification, and hyperchromasia. The cytoplasm is rather dark, and intracytoplasmic vacuoles are absent…
Putative Precursor Lesions of Gestational Trophoblastic Neoplasia
Fig. 5.1 Microscopic features of complete hydatidiform mole (CHM). (a, b) Well-developed CHM with large hydropic villi and central cistern formation. Circumferential trophoblast hyperplasia is also present. (c, d) Early…
