Type 1: β-Cell destruction, usually absolute insulin deficiency Immune-mediated Idiopathic Type 2: Ranges from predominantly insulin resistance to predominantly an insulin secretory defect with insulin resistance Other types Genetic mutations…
FIGURE 56-1 Mean hemoglobin concentrations (black line) and 5th and 95th percentiles (blue lines) for healthy pregnant women taking iron supplements. (Data from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention,…
Immediate Care Before and during delivery, careful consideration must be given to several determinants of neonatal well-being including: (1) maternal health status; (2) prenatal complications, including any suspected fetal malformations;…
FIGURE 28-1 Prevalence of breech presentation by gestational age at delivery in 58,842 singleton pregnancies at the University of Alabama at Birmingham Hospitals 1991 to 2006. (Data courtesy of Dr….
FIGURE 44-1 Increments in fetal weight gain in grams per day from 24 to 42 weeks’ gestation. The black line represents the mean and the outer blue lines depict ±2…
FIGURE 31-1 Total and primary cesarean delivery (CS) rates and vaginal birth after previous cesarean (VBAC) rate: United States, 1989–2010. Epochs denoted within rectangles represent contemporaneous ongoing events related to…
Hyperemesis Gravidarum Pernicious nausea and vomiting of pregnancy may involve the liver. There may be mild hyperbilirubinemia with serum aminotransferase levels elevated in up to half of women hospitalized. However,…
Several factors have contributed to improved obstetrical anesthesia safety (Hawkins, 2011). The most significant is the increased use of regional analgesia. Increased availability of in-house anesthesia coverage almost certainly is…
Effect of Surgery and Anesthesia on Pregnancy Outcome The most extensive data regarding anesthetic and surgical risks to pregnancy are from the Swedish Birth Registry as described by Mazze and…
