Epidemiology of Epilepsy, Seizure Classification, Epilepsy Syndromes Mark H. Libenson and Ann M. Bergin DEFINITIONS SEIZURES An epileptic seizure is a change in neurologic function (motor, sensory, experiential,…
Therapy for Perinatal and Neonatal Infections David W. Kimberlin, Debra L. Palazzi, and Richard J. Whitley GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Limitations in the immunologic response predispose the infant to certain…
Disorders of the Neck and Spine Daniel J. Sucato CONGENITAL MUSCULAR TORTICOLLIS Torticollis refers to lateral tilt and rotation of the head and neck. The most common form…
The Biliary Tract MORPHOGENESIS OF THE BILIARY TRACT Colin D. Rudolph In the human embryo the first anlage of the bile ducts and liver is the hepatic diverticulum…
Electrocardiography George F. Van Hare Normal electrical activation of the heart begins pacemaker activity in the sinoatrial node, and the wave of activation spreads through the right and…
Epilepsy Treatment: Antiepileptic Drug Therapy Blaise F. D. Bourgeois Although other treatment modalities, such as the ketogenic diet, epilepsy surgery, and the vagus nerve stimulator, are appropriate options…
Disorders of Branched Chain Amino and Organic Acid Metabolism Stephen I. Goodman and Jean-Marie Saudubray CATABOLISM OF BRANCHED-CHAIN AMINOACIDS The three essential branched chain aminoacids (BCAAs), leucine, isoleucine,…
Other Disorders of the Thyroid Delbert A. Fisher NONTHYROIDAL ILLNESS (THE LOW T3 SYNDROME) Nonthyroidal illness (NTI) was initially characterized as a selective deficiency of serum and tissue…
Inflammatory Bowel Disease Michael C. Stephens, Subra Kugathasan, and Thomas T. Sato Crohn disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC), collectively known as inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), are idiopathic,…
