Craniopharyngioma
Fig. 16.1 Preoperative coronal (a) and sagittal (b) T1-weighted MR images following gadolinium infusion showing a predominantly cystic sellar and suprasellar craniopharyngioma in a 2 year old. Postoperative coronal (c)…
Central Nervous System Germ Cell Tumors (CNS-GCT)
Fig. 14.1 Germinoma resembles the primordial germ cell tumor of the gonads. Teratoma mimics the fetus itself, yolk sac tumor resembles the yolk sac, choriocarcinoma is similar to trophoblast or…
Long-Term Sequelae
Fig. 23.1 Axial (a) and sagittal (b) brain MRI T1-weighted images with contrast showing a characteristic SMART syndrome. This 13-year-old female was treated with 39.6 Gy of craniospinal radiation following…
Ependymoma
Fig. 13.1 This MRI shows a very large posterior fossa ependymoma filling the fourth ventricle and extending into the left cerebellopontine angle through the foramen of Luschka (Reprinted from Teo…
Embryonal Brain Tumors
Fig. 12.1 CT and MR imaging of medulloblastoma.(a) Axial contrast-enhanced CT showing a hyperdense mass compressing the 4th ventricle (white arrow). Note the hydrocephalus with accompanying trans-ependymal flow (white arrow)….
Pediatric Neuro-Oncology in Countries with Limited Resources
Continent Countries included/submitted data PBCR included/submitted data Geographic coverage by continent (%) Population coverage in millions (%) Africa 5/14 5/16 31 8.8 (1 %) Asia 15/18 44/77 57 152.3 (4…
Palliative Care for Children with Brain Tumors
Medication Indication Route Initial dosage Maximum Frequency Dexamethasone Raised intracranial pressure, nausea and vomiting PO/NG, SC, IV 1–2 mg/kg (initial) 4–10 mg/dose Q6–12 h 0.25–0.5 mg/kg Ondansetron Nausea and vomiting…
Quality of Life
Characteristic Definition 1. Subjective QoL is an individual perception and the only reliable source for evaluation—it is the person itself 2. Phenomenological QoL is perceived. It is like a photograph,…
Neuropsychological Outcomes in Pediatric Brain Tumor Survivors
Fig. 24.1 Predictors of neuropsychological outcome in PBTS Neuropsychological Outcomes There is considerable heterogeneity in individual neuropsychological outcomes for PBTS given the variety of tumor types and/or treatments and associated…
Diffuse Intrinsic Pontine Glioma
Reference Classification system Epstein [2] Intrinsic Diffuse Focal Cervicomedullary Exophytic Anterolateral Posterolateral Disseminated Positive CSF cytology Positive myelography Choux et al. [3] Type I Diffuse Type II Intrinsic, focal Type…
