. Scleroderma
Scleroderma Francesco Zulian Juvenile scleroderma syndromes are multisystem autoimmune rheumatic diseases whose unifying characteristic is the development of hard skin before age 16. They can be separated into…
. Kawasaki Disease
Kawasaki Disease Mary Beth Son and Jane W. Newburger Kawasaki disease (KD), an acute febrile illness of childhood, was described in Japan in 1967 by Dr. Tomasaku Kawasaki…
. Diagnostic Approaches for Infectious Diseases
Diagnostic Approaches for Infectious Diseases John C. Christenson and E. Kent Korgenski Although not all infectious diseases require a diagnostic laboratory intervention (eg, un-complicated otitis media), clinicians often…
. Urologic Abnormalities of the Genitourinary Tract
Urologic Abnormalities of the Genitourinary Tract Luis H. P. Braga and Darius J. Bägli ANOMALIES OF THE KIDNEY AND URETER URETEROPELVIC JUNCTION OBSTRUCTION Obstruction of the flow of…
. Approach to the Cyanotic Infant
Approach to the Cyanotic Infant Robin H. Steinhorn ASSESSMENT Cyanosis, or bluish discoloration of the skin, is derived from the Greek word kuaneos, meaning dark blue. Cyanosis is…
. Primary Immunodeficiencies
Primary Immunodeficiencies Talal A. Chatila Primary immunodeficiency diseases result from genetic defects affecting the development and/or the function of immune system components.1-5 They frequently manifest soon after birth,…
. Head and Neck Masses
Head and Neck Masses David E. Tunkel and Jonathan A. Perkins Head and neck masses commonly occur in young children, and the differential diagnosis for such masses is…
. Epidemiology of Childhood Cancer
Epidemiology of Childhood Cancer Louise Parker CANCER IS AN IMPORTANT CAUSE OF MORTALITY Childhood cancer is diagnosed in around 1 in 600 children under age 15 years. Nonetheless,…
. Clostridial Infections
Clostridial Infections Jose Zayas and Mobeen H. Rathore CLOSTRIDIUM DIFFICILE Clostridium difficile is a spore-forming, obligate anaerobic, Gram-positive bacillus, which can spread via the fecal-oral route. The most…
