Fig. 18.1 : Elements of bone. (1) Multinucleated osteoclasts; (2) Osteoblasts; (3) Osteoid; (4) Lining cells; (5) Mineralized bone In addition to making collagen and bone, the osteoblast initiates osteoclast…
Fig. 7.1 Endotheliosis in preeclampsia. (a) Enlarged glomeruli with enhanced lobulation. Hematoxylin and eosin, 200×. (b) Glomerular capillaries filled and distended with swollen, pale endothelial cells, imparting a “bloodless” appearance….
A physiologic decrease in circulating creatinine, urea, and uric acid due to an increase in clearance The average serum creatinine (SCr) during pregnancy is 0.5–0.6 mg/dL A modest increase in SCr…
Fig. 10.1 Female menstrual cycle Hormonal abnormalities increase as renal function progressively worsens [2]. With decreased renal clearance, prolactin levels increase which in turn suppresses the release of sex hormones…
Recipients 1005 Mean age at first transplant (yrs) 24 ± 6 Pretransplant pregnancy 31% Pregnancies 1810 Mean transplant-conception interval (yrs) 5.3 ± 4 During pregnancy Estimated conception range July 1967–Aug…
Diagnostic criteria for antiphospholipid syndromea Diagnosis requires at least one clinical and one laboratory criterion Clinical criteria 1. Vascular thrombosis: ≥1 clinical episodes of arterial, venous, or small vessel thrombosis…
Drug Pregnancy implication Lactation consideration Risks Selective use allowed during pregnancy Glucocorticoids (e.g., prednisone) Prednisone is suggested at the lowest possible dose to control the disease (less than 10 mg/day) If…
Condition Subcondition Combined pill/patch/ring Progestin-only pill Injection LNG IUS initiation LNG-IUS continuation CU-T initiation Cu-T continuation Solid organ transplantation Complicated 4 2 2 3 2 3 2 Uncomplicated 2 2…
Fig. 14.1 Risk consideration in a transplant recipient Table 14.1 Guidelines for managing pregnancy in a transplant recipient Counseling after transplantation Contraception counseling Discussions regarding timing of pregnancy, waiting at…
Volume overload Refractory acidosis Refractory hyperkalemia Uremic symptoms Decreased nutritional status, malnutrition Persistent BUN >50 mg/dL Uncontrollable hypertension Blood urea nitrogen (BUN) levels, as well as uremic symptoms, play a major…
