Malformation syndromes
Chapter Contents Introduction 792 Basic terms in dysmorphology 792 Isolated defects 793 Syndrome 793 Association 794 Sequence 794 Clinical evaluation of a neonate with birth defects 794 Prenatal history 794…
PEDIATRICS
Normal values for neonatal blood pressure
Rob Yates Janet M Rennie Good normative data on blood pressure in healthy newborns are surprisingly hard to find. A recent study (2003–2005) of 406 healthy Australian newborns using an oscillometric method,…
The Siggaard-Andersen nomogram
Janet M Rennie By knowing any two values of an acid–base measurement, the other values can be derived by connecting the two known points on this nomogram. For newborn babies, the…
Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curve
Janet M Rennie Oxyhaemoglobin dissociation curves for adult blood and neonatal blood. The dotted lines dropping from 50% saturation give the p50 values for neonatal blood (19 mmHg) and of adult blood…
Normal cerebrospinal fluid values
Type of infant White cell count (count/mm 3 ) Protein (g/l) Glucose (mmol/l) Preterm <28 days 9 (0–30) 1 (0.5–2.5) * 3 (1.5–5.5) Term <28 days 6 (0–21) 0.6 (0.3–2.0)…
Normal blood gas values
N R C Roberton Janet M Rennie Table A7.1 Normal blood gas values P aO 2 P aCO 2 H + kPa mmHg kPa mmHg kPa mmHg kPa mmHg nmol/l pH nmol/l…
Neonatal biochemical reference ranges
Ruth M Ayling Ann Bowron Table A6.1 Plasma/serum ANALYTE UNIT REFERENCE RANGE COMMENT Preterm Term Gestational age (weeks) Age Reference range Age Reference range Alanine aminotransferase (ALT) ( ) IU/l M F…
UK-WHO chart source data
Introduction The UK–World Health Organization (UK-WHO) 0–4-year-old charts were officially launched on 11 May 2009. Any child born after that date should be plotted on a UK-WHO growth chart. Children…
Cardiovascular disease
Chapter Contents Introduction 618 Fetal circulation 618 Fetal circulatory pathways 618 Function of the fetal heart 620 Changes at birth 620 Fetal cardiology 620 Diagnosis 620 Treatment 621 Incidence and…
Normal ranges for commonly assessed ECG values in the newborn
Rob Yates Nick Archer Table A3.1 Normal ranges for commonly assessed ECG values in the newborn <1 day 1–3 days 4–7 days 8–10 days Heart rate (beats/min) 94–155 92–158 90–166 106–182 PR…
