PEDIATRICS

Early Assessment and Management of Trauma

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Early Assessment and Management of Trauma
Introduction The evolution of the management of traumatically injured children has paralleled the practice of pediatric surgery since its inception with Dr. Ladd in the early 20th century. On December…
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Burns

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Burns
In 1953, a 49% total body surface area (TBSA) burn in a child was associated with a 50% risk of mortality. Today, following major advancements in burn care, even an…
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Ingested and Aspirated Foreign Bodies

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Ingested and Aspirated Foreign Bodies
Esophageal Foreign Bodies Foreign body (FB) ingestions are an increasingly common occurrence in infants and young children. The exact incidence is unknown because many cases are not reported. In 2015,…
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Fetal Therapy

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Fetal Therapy
Acknowledgments The authors would like to acknowledge Emily Byrd, MD, PhD, Monalisa Hassan, MD, Zoe Saenz, MD, and Natalie Tobin for their assistance in completing this chapter. Fetal surgery represents…
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Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation
Extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO; sometimes called extracorporeal life support, or ECLS) is a lifesaving technology that employs partial heart/lung bypass. It provides gas exchange and perfusion for patients with acute,…
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Vascular Access

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Vascular Access
Introduction Vascular access is essential to the treatment of sick children and is thus a common component in the practice of pediatric surgery. Vascular access in pediatric patients is required…
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Surgical Infectious Disease

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Surgical Infectious Disease
Antibiotic resistance is an evolving global public health crisis and continues to escalate, significantly limiting treatment options and impacting clinical outcomes. The development of new, wider-spectrum antibacterial drugs, especially those…
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Nutritional Support for the Pediatric Patient

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Nutritional Support for the Pediatric Patient
Despite advances in the field of nutritional support, malnutrition among hospitalized pediatric patients, especially those with a protracted clinical course, remains prevalent worldwide and is associated with worse outcomes. Moreover,…
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Coagulopathies and Sickle Cell Disease

May 10, 2026 by in PEDIATRICS Comments Off on Coagulopathies and Sickle Cell Disease
The Hemostatic Process Hemostasis is a complex physiologic process that keeps the blood in a fluid state and prevents thrombus formation in normal vessels. When injury to the vascular endothelium…
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