Epstein-Barr Virus
Epstein-Barr Virus William V. Raszka Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is perhaps the most ubiquitous member of the herpesviruses family. Similar to herpes simplex virus, EBV infection can lead to a distinct…
PEDIATRICS
Neonatal Varicella-Zoster Virus
Neonatal Varicella-Zoster Virus William V. Raszka Varicella-zoster virus (VZV) is one of the eight members of the herpesvirus family. Found worldwide, VZV is an exclusive human pathogen that has the…
Herpes Simplex Virus
Herpes Simplex Virus Pablo J. Sánchez Jane D. Siegel EPIDEMIOLOGY The estimated rate of occurrence of neonatal herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection in the United States is approximately 1 per…
Cytomegalovirus
Cytomegalovirus Pablo J. Sánchez Jane D. Siegel EPIDEMIOLOGY Cytomegalovirus (CMV) has a worldwide distribution and is the most common cause of congenital infections. CMV occurs in 0.4% to 2.4% of…
Enterovirus
Enterovirus Marc H. Lebel EPIDEMIOLOGY Humans are the only natural hosts for enteroviruses. These viruses have a worldwide distribution and tend to produce seasonal outbreaks during summer and fall in…
Group B Streptococcal Disease
Group B Streptococcal Disease Carol J. Baker Lancefield group B Streptococcus emerged in the early 1970s as the most frequent cause of neonatal sepsis and meningitis. The reason for this…
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections
Skin and Soft Tissue Infections Marc H. Lebel EPIDEMIOLOGY AND PATHOGENESIS The most common manifestations of skin and soft tissue bacterial infections are presented in Box 74.1. Initial colonization of…
Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis
Osteomyelitis and Septic Arthritis Marc H. Lebel EPIDEMIOLOGY Osteomyelitis and septic arthritis are uncommon diseases in the neonate. When they occur, however, they can cause significant morbidity and permanent disability….
Craniofacial Defects
Craniofacial Defects Robert J. Gorlin EMBRYOLOGY OF THE PRIMARY AND SECONDARY PALATES The neural crest plays an integral part in facial morphology. When the neural folds fuse to form the…
Meningitis
Meningitis Marc H. Lebel EPIDEMIOLOGY The incidence of neonatal bacterial meningitis is approximately one-fourth of that of neonatal sepsis with a median range of 0.2 to 0.5 cases per 1,000…
