11.5 Surgical conditions in the newborn Sebastian K. King, Spencer W. Beasley The majority of the conditions discussed in this chapter will present initially to the paediatrician, general practitioner or…

15.1 Suspected heart disease assessment Michael Cheung Scale of the problem Cardiac abnormalities or disease affect approximately 1% of children in the developed world and 2–3% in developing countries. This…

19.4 Diabetes Jennifer Couper, Timothy W. Jones Diabetes mellitus Diabetes mellitus is caused by a deficiency in the secretion or action of insulin. It is one of the most common…

22.2 Eye disorders Susan Carden, James Elder Examination of the eyes should be included in all general medical paediatric checks because it is only through timeliness of diagnosis of ophthalmic…

11.1 The newborn infant stabilization and examination Brian Darlow Dr Neil Campbell began this Chapter in the fifth edition of this book, thus: ‘Most babies are born at term gestation…

17.2 Cerebral palsy and neurodegenerative disorders Dinah Reddihough, Kevin Collins Cerebral palsy Cerebral palsy (CP) describes a group of permanent disorders of the development of movement and posture, causing activity…

11.3 Breathing problems in the newborn Luke Jardine, Mark Davies Introduction The establishment and maintenance of breathing is vital for the newborn infant. Problems with breathing are common and dealing…

15.2 Heart disease Michael Cheung Congenital malformations affecting the heart and/or great vessels occur in a little under 1% of newborn infants. Eight defects are relatively frequent and together make…

14.3 Asthma Adam Jaffé Definition The word ‘asthma’ is a derivative of the Greek verb aazein, meaning ‘to pant’. In an attempt to describe it more precisely, the Global Initiative…

20.5 Liver diseases Wolfram Haller, Winita Hardikar Introduction Liver disease is relatively infrequent in childhood. Early recognition is, however, crucial, as the timing of diagnosis has a significant impact on…