Objective To examine the relationship between SARS-CoV-2 infection during pregnancy and the risk for preeclampsia. Data Sources MEDLINE, Embase, POPLINE, CINAHL, LILACS, and the World Health Organization COVID-19, Chinese, and…
For many research questions in perinatal epidemiology, gestational age is a mediator that features the causal pathway between exposure and outcome. A mediator is an intermediate variable between an exposure…
Objective Accurate preoperative counseling about whether an endometriotic cystectomy has a detrimental effect on the ovarian reserve has been a considerable challenge, because studies assessing the postoperative antral follicle counts…
Causation and causal inference are of utmost importance in obstetrics and gynecology. In many clinical situations, causal reasoning is involved in etiological explanations, diagnostic considerations, and conversations about prognosis. In…
Obstetricians know the statistics—1 out of every 10 babies is born premature; preeclampsia affects 1 in 25 pregnant people; the United States has the highest rate of maternal mortality in…
“The child is the father of a man.” 22.1 Few Important Points in Pediatrics Parents bring in a child with concern for increased crying/irritability, decreased feeding, and playing: If persistent-something…
The power of modern medicine can never be understated: Source: CDC, Public domain, via Wikimedia Commons. 19.1 Introduction When a patient is planning to become pregnant Start folate supplementation (0.4…
The continuity of any species requires an efficient system for multiplication. It is not only survival of the fittest, but also survival of the most efficient reproducers. A sagittal view…
Ninety-five percent of ovarian cancers arise from the epithelial portion and only 5% are germ-cell tumors. As opposed to this, 90% of testicular cancers arise from germ cells. The reason…
Basics of urinary stone disease Introduction One out of 13 women will become symptomatic with a kidney stone in her lifetime; that incidence is rising in the United States resulting…
