DEFINITIONS Print Section Listen pH = power of Hydrogen defined by the Henderson-Hasselbalch equation: pH=pK+log ([HCO3−]/0.03 PCO2) Acidosis = decrease in arterial pH Respiratory acidosis – caused by CO2 retention. This increases…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Mechanical ventilation is provided to ensure adequate oxygenation and minute ventilation. The means to achieve these goals will vary depending upon the lung pathophysiology. Indications to…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Arterial oxygen content of the blood: CaO2(mL O2/dL)=(SaO2× Hemoglobin × 1.36) + 0.003*(PaO2) 0.003*PaO2 represents the fraction of dissolved oxygen in the blood Venous oxygen content of the blood: CvO2(mL O2/dL)=(SvO2× Hemoglobin × 1.36) + 0.003*(PvO2) Arterial-mixed venous…
ANESTHESIA/SURGICAL HANDOFF Print Section Listen A thorough understanding of what occurred intraoperatively is critical to postoperative management after cardiac surgery. Cardiac Anesthesia: Induction technique and maintenance of anesthesia depend on…
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Heart failure is a syndrome of cardiac dysfunction that, left untreated, results in the myocardium’s inability to maintain adequate cardiac output.1 It may present as systolic…
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Vasoactive medications and inotropic agents are utilized frequently in the pediatric intensive care unit for patients in various states of shock. Selecting the proper pharmacologic therapy…
DEFINITIONS Print Section Listen Prehypertension is defined as blood pressures between the 90th and 95th percentiles for age, gender, and height.1 Note that these definitions are based on blood pressures…
PULMONARY VOLUMES Print Section Listen Minute (or Total) Ventilation MV = Tidal Volume (VT) × Respiratory Rate (RR) Tidal Volume VT = VA + VD Alveolar Ventilation (VA): inversely proportional…
