Study No. EACA tested % cases positive Any HPV (%) HPV 16 (%) HPV 18 (%) HPV 45 (%) HPV other (%) Li (2011) 3525 82 36.3 36.8 5.2 21.7…
Fig. 11.1 Small cell neuroendocrine carcinoma consisting of sheets of malignant cells with minimal cytoplasm. The peripheral circumscription of these sheets suggests epithelial differentiation, that is, carcinoma. Immunohistochemistry could provide…
Fig. 7.1 Macroscopic features of squamous cell carcinoma of the uterine cervix (most specimens are opened at the 12 o’clock position with scissors). (a) Radical hysterectomy after previous conization procedure….
HPV positive HPV negative Usual type Intestinal-type mucinous carcinomaa Serous carcinomab Endometrioid carcinomab Clear cell carcinoma Mesonephric carcinoma Serous carcinoma Endometrioid carcinoma Gastric-type mucinous carcinoma aAbsence of HPV detection reported…
Fig. 1.1 Embryonic and fetal development of the human lower female reproductive tract. During early embryonic development, the Müllerian duct epithelium (MD), under guidance of the Wolffian duct (WD), reaches…
Fig. 2.1 Classification of PVs based on phylogeny and risk status. Maximum likelihood phylogenetic tree for E1, E2, L1 and L2 genes of 132 HPVs at the amino acid level…
Fig. 5.1 This shows a flat low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL) (left) contiguous with a condyloma acuminatum (right) at low (a) and medium (b) power together with the accompanying p16…
Fig. 10.1 Leiomyoma of the cervix exhibiting nuclear palisading Embryonal Rhabdomyosarcoma Embryonal rhabdomyosarcoma (sarcoma botryoides) occurs uncommonly, but not rarely, as a primary cervical neoplasm. Affected patients are most commonly…
Class I Negative Absence of atypical or abnormal cells Class II Negative Atypical cells present but without abnormal features Class III Suspicious Cells with abnormal features suggestive but not conclusive…
Fig. 4.1 MRI of pelvis showing a stage IIB cervical cancer (a) before and (b) 3 months after completion of radiotherapy External beam radiotherapy routinely involves treating the primary tumor,…
