1. The gold standard test for antenatal surveillance of the pregnancy at-risk for an adverse pregnancy outcome with the lowest false negative rate is: a) Biophysical Profile b) CTG only…
1. a) T b) F c) F d) T e) T There is growing evidence to demonstrate the strong association among PCOS, NAFLD and NASH. Most of the endocrine and…
Cytomegalovirus (CMV) congenital infection affects 0.7% of live births worldwide and is the leading cause of congenital neurological handicap of infectious origin. However, systematic screening for this infection has not…
Fetal macrosomia is defined as birth weight >4000 g and is associated with several maternal and fetal complications such as maternal birth canal trauma, shoulder dystocia, and perinatal asphyxia. Early identification…
Stillbirth is delivery of a baby at or after 24 weeks of gestational age (UK definition) not showing any signs of life. It affects almost one in 200 pregnancies and…
Multiple pregnancies occur either spontaneously or because of assisted reproduction techniques in 1–3% of pregnancies. The presence of more than one fetus in the womb is associated with a range…
Identification of the fetus at risk of adverse outcome at term is a challenge to both clinicians and researchers alike. Despite the fact that fetal growth restriction (FGR) is a…
Fetal growth restriction remains a challenging entity with significant variations in clinical practice around the world. The different etiopathogenesis of early and late fetal growth restriction with their distinct progression…
The evaluation of amniotic fluid volume (AFV) is an established part of the antenatal surveillance of pregnancies at risk for an adverse pregnancy outcome. The two most commonly used ultrasound…
Antenatal foetal heart rate assessment was introduced into clinical medicine before clear evidence of any benefits had been reported. Ad hoc definitions were used to define normal and abnormal recordings…
