ANATOMY The tibial tubercle is the site of an apophysis, a chondro-osseous prominence or protuberance that experiences repetitive traction forces from a tendinous attachment. Prior to skeletal maturity, these tensile…
PREPARATION OF BONE MARROW–DERIVED MESENCHYMAL STEM CELLS TECHNIQUE Harvesting Autologous MSCs are harvested from the bone marrow of the iliac crest. This may be done under local or general anesthesia…
SURGICAL TECHNIQUE 1. The patient is positioned supine on the operating table. The leg of the bed is not dropped. This allows the surgeon to place K-wires under fluoroscopic guidance…
TREATMENT Indications Patients with stable OCD lesions of the knee and open physes should be initially managed nonoperatively. Conservative modalities may range from simple activity modification (i.e., avoiding offending activities…
Tibial tubercle avulsion injuries often involve complex fracture patterns, and although standard radiographs may help in the diagnosis of injury, they are insufficient in the characterization of fracture pattern. Computed…
The femoral tunnel is drilled using a transtibial technique (Fig. 10.2). An over-the-top guide is placed with guide pin centered on the ACL footprint. Some fibers of the ACL are…
AUTHORS’ PREFERRED TECHNIQUE: OPEN REDUCTION AND INTERNAL FIXATION USING BIOABSORBABLE FIXATION IMPLANTS Diagnostic arthroscopy is performed to verify the size and quality of the lesion while simultaneously removing small loose…
ANATOMY AND FUNCTION The patella, which begins to ossify between ages 3 and 6 years, is uniquely flexible in younger children.4 Anywhere between one and six ossicles will form and…
In a follow-up study of 314 athletes (mean age 32.7 years), less than half (45%) of these athletes had returned to sport at greater than 3 years after ACLR. However,…
