Office-Based Ambulatory Surgery
Key Points Print Section Listen Procedural analgesia and sedation are both safe and applicable to office setting surgical procedures in children as long as support personnel are appropriately trained and…
PEDIATRICS
Ethical Considerations in Pediatric Surgery
Key Points Print Section Listen The primary duty of the pediatric surgeon as healer is one of promoting good and acting with beneficence, while keeping the patient at the center…
Surgical Infection: Classification, Diagnosis, Treatment, and Prevention
Key Points Print Section Listen Findings on physical examination often suggest the origin and likely causative organisms in patients with infections involving the skin and subcutaneous tissues. When planning operative…
Gastrointestinal, Pulmonary, Cardiac, and Neurologic Developmental Physiology of the Premature and Term Newborn
Key Points Print Section Listen The morphologic and immunologic development of the gastrointestinal system progresses rapidly during the third trimester, and therefore is immature in preterm neonates. Human breast milk…
Metabolic Response to Illness and Operation
Key Points Print Section Listen Children have reduced metabolic reserves and are particularly susceptible to the adverse effects associated with the catabolic response to critical illness. The metabolic response to…
Bariatric Surgery
Introduction Print Section Listen Over 15 million adult Americans (6.6% of the population) had a BMI > 40 kg/m2 in 2013, and the rate of obesity continues to rise.1 Obesity…
Intracranial Neoplasms and Masses
GENERAL CONSIDERATIONS Print Section Listen The central nervous system (CNS) is the site of origin for approximately 20% of pediatric cancers. CNS neoplasms are the second most common type of…
Musculoskeletal Tumors
BENIGN FOCAL BONE LESIONS Print Section Listen Benign Fibrous Bone Lesions Avulsive Cortical Irregularity Avulsive cortical irregularity (cortical desmoid) refers to the common radiographic irregularity over a short segment of…
The Hepatobiliary System
DEVELOPMENT Print Section Listen The hepatobiliary system originates as a cluster of endodermal cells that forms a diverticulum from the duodenal region of the primitive embryonic gut. The diverticulum divides…
Skeletal Dysplasias
CLASSIFICATIONS AND NOMENCLATURE Print Section Listen Constitutional errors of bone development include dysostoses, disruptions, and skeletal dysplasias. The dysostoses are malformations of single bones, although multiple sites can be involved….
