Obgyn Key

Therapeutic Gynecologic Procedures 35.1 Ovarian Cyst Aspiration Description and Clinical Features Ovarian cysts, especially when large, can be painful. If a cyst does not resolve on its own, draining the…

Diagnostic Gynecologic Procedures 34.1 Saline Infusion Sonohysterography Description and Clinical Features A saline infusion sonohysterogram (SIS), or more simply called a sonohysterogram (SHG), is a procedure in which the uterus…

Heart 11.1 Overview of Congenital Heart Disease Congenital heart disease affects between 8 and 12 per 1,000 live births and 27 per 1,000 stillbirths. The risk of congenital heart disease…

Chromosomal Anomalies 17.1 Trisomy 13 (Patau Syndrome) Description and Clinical Features Trisomy 13 is a chromosomal anomaly in which the fetus has an extra chromosome 13 (i.e., it has three,…

Diagnosis and Characterization of Multiple Gestations 23.1 Fetal Number Description and Clinical Features Twins can arise from a single fertilized ovum (zygote) that splits into two separate embryos within the…

Complications of Multiple Gestations 24.1 Twin–Twin Transfusion Syndrome and Twin Anemia–Polycythemia Sequence Description and Clinical Features Twin–twin transfusion syndrome (TTTS) is a complication of monochorionic twinning, resulting from unbalanced shunting…

Adnexa 28.1 Ovaries Description and Clinical Features The ovaries are paired ovoid pelvic organs located on each side of the uterus. They are mobile intraperitoneal structures that lie anterior to…

Diagnostic Obstetrical Procedures 25.1 Amniocentesis Description and Clinical Features Amniocentesis is a procedure in which amniotic fluid is aspirated through a percutaneously inserted needle. This procedure is used for a…

Uterus 27.1 Myometrium Description and Clinical Features The myometrium is the muscular portion of the uterus. It is bounded internally by the endometrium and externally by the serosa, a membrane…

Placenta 19.1 Placenta Previa Description and Clinical Features Placenta previa refers to a placenta extending to or covering the internal cervical os. When there is a placenta previa at the…