Infant sleep health disparities and cross-cultural differences The National Institute of Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD) defines a health disparity as a health difference that adversely affects disadvantaged populations,…
Introduction Pediatric insomnia is highly prevalent, with an estimated 15% to 30% of infants and toddlers having difficulties initiating and maintaining sleep, prolonged nighttime wakefulness, and high dependency on external…
Background/rationale It is important for care providers who are promoting healthy sleep for infants and toddlers to be familiar with empirical data to inform their areas of assessment. The background/rationale…
Intrinsic factors associated with infant insomnia: The impact of temperament and development Development of infant sleep processes The development of infant sleep processes occurs parallel to and in conjunction with…
Introduction The main purpose of this chapter is to highlight the various factors that contribute to the development of early childhood insomnia in the context of the transactional model of…
Sleep in early life plays crucial roles in optimal neural and cognitive brain development, cortical maturation, and brain connectivity. Complex bidirectional relationships between sleep and development are observed in infants….
Introduction This chapter addresses problems with sleep, and primarily breathing during sleep, among several groups of infants with potentially chronic diseases that can be identified at birth or that appear…
Introduction Hypoventilation refers to an elevated level of arterial carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), typically resulting from ineffective gas exchange. Sleep-related hypoventilation based on pediatric polysomnographic scoring is defined by…
General considerations Historically, there have been more challenges in the evaluation and management of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in infants compared to older children, but more recently OSA has been…
Introduction Since the first human electroencephalography (EEG) recordings in the 1920s, researchers have sought to best understand the significance of these tracings as they relate to the generators (e.g., cortical…
