13. Sport and the osteochondroses
Definition The term osteochondroses is used to describe a group of distinct conditions, affecting children between the ages of 2 and 16 years, which involve the growth plates of developing…
5. Gait development
Introduction 86 Paediatric gait and stance 87 Sitting 88 Creeping 90 Propping and bear-standing 92 Kneeling 92 Cruising 95 Climbing 96 Squatting 96 Standing 97 Gait 99 The new walking foot 99 Introduction Gait analysis in the clinical setting is a valuable…
15. Orthoses
Introduction This is largely an experienced-based clinical chapter. In particular, Table 15.1 outlines my professional opinion and experience with various orthoses for a range of clinical presentations. Table 15.1 Summary…
9. Metatarsus adductus
Introduction Historically metatarsus adductus (MTA) was first described in Germany in the mid 19th century and only acknowledged in the English literature for the first time in 1921 (Berg 1986,…
8. Clubfoot
Talipes equinovarus Chapter contents Introduction 151 Basic pathology 152 Types 153 The Ponseti method 153 Research 160 Introduction This chapter provides a basic overview and is to be read in conjunction with the following reference…
2. Embryology and fetal development
Definition of embryology and fetal development 15 Introduction 15 Embryonic period 16 Teratogens 17 Development of the foot 18 Fetal period 21 Term versus pre-term gestation 23 Low birth weight risks 24 Apgar scores 25 Growth 27 Foot growth 27 The…
12. Verrucae
Introduction Warts or verrucae are a frequently occurring dermatological problem in children (and to a lesser extent, adults). These benign, highly vascular neoplasms affect the plantar surface of the foot…
14. Footwear
Why we wear shoes Since ancient times, people have protected their feet against the elements and rough terrain. Animal skins were used to cover the feet, lashed securely above the…
10. Intoeing gait
Introduction An intoeing walking or running gait is a frequent childhood concern that podiatrists may be asked to verify. It is important for any clinician to recognize when observable intoeing…
11. Toe walking
Definition A gait pattern in which heel contact with the ground is excluded, either completely or periodically. Toe walking may be idiopathic (i.e. of unknown cause), developmental or associated with…
