Classification Subheading Subgroup Category I. Failure of formation A. Transverse arrest 1. Shoulder 2. Arm 3. Elbow 4. Forearm 5. Wrist 6. Carpal 7. Metacarpal 8. Phalanx B. Longitudinal arrest …
Fig. 1 Lateral view of the distal humerus. Note the thin bone separating the coronoid fossa (anterior) from the olecranon fossa (posterior) (Courtesy of Shriners Hospital for Children, Philadelphia) Depending…
Fig. 1 (a) PA radiograph measuring radial inclination and (b) Lateral radiograph measuring palmar tilt Fractures of the Distal Radius Outcome Tools Distal radius fracture outcomes may be assessed clinically…
Syndrome Upper limb anomaly Commonly associated features Inheritance pattern Testing Cornelia de Lange Absent or hypoplastic ulna; oligodactyly Prenatal growth retardation, microcephaly, congenital heart disease (CHD), dysmorphic features, GU anomalies…
Fig. 1 Anteroposterior (a) and lateral (b) radiographs of the elbow demonstrating a displaced radial neck fracture (Courtesy of Joshua M. Abzug, MD) Minimally displaced radial neck fractures may be…
Fig. 1 The midcarpal articulation of two wrists : (a) Type I lunate, (b) Type II lunate (Reprinted with permission from Kapoutsis DV, Dardas A, Day CS. Carpometacarpal and scaphotrapeziotrapezoid…
I. Failure of formation of parts (arrest of development) (A) Transverse deficiency (B) Longitudinal deficiencies (C) Phocomelia (D) Tendon or muscle dysplasia (E) Absent nail or skin II. Failure of…
Shoulder instability Nonoperative treatment Indications Contraindications First-time dislocator in skeletally immature child (under age 14) Recurrent, painful, and/or disabling dislocations MDI – initial management For patients with posterior instability, immobilization…
Fig. 1 (a) Anteroposterior and (b) lateral radiographs demonstrating a humeral shaft fracture in a 6-day-old infant, which occurred as a result of a complicated delivery (Courtesy of Joshua M….
Fig. 1 Plain lateral radiograph of the forearm demonstrating a large soft-tissue mass (red arrows) and osseous changes including reactive periosteal changes (blue arrow) Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is often…
