Ocular Irrigation and Decontamination of Conjunctiva Mananda S. Bhende Eric Tham Introduction Eye irrigation is the crucial first step in the treatment of chemical injuries to the eye. Chemical burns…
Ocular Foreign Body Removal Winnie T. Whitaker Wendy J. Pomerantz Introduction Foreign bodies commonly become lodged on the eye surface, whether blown in by wind or propelled at high velocity….
Slit Lamp Examination Alex V. Levin Introduction Slit lamp biomicroscopy is a diagnostic procedure that requires experience and specific skills. It is unlikely that the majority of pediatricians and emergency…
General Pediatric Ophthalmologic Procedures Alex V. Levin Introduction Physicians caring for children will be confronted with a number of ocular problems, including trauma, infection, inflammation, and ocular manifestations of systemic…
Ventricular Puncture James F. Wiley II Ann-Christine Duhaime Introduction Ventricular puncture refers to the removal of cerebrospinal fluid directly from the intracranial ventricular system by way of an open fontanel…
Subdural Puncture George A. Woodward Carolyn M. Carey Introduction A subdural puncture (commonly referred to as a subdural “tap”) is used to evacuate subdural blood or fluid. This procedure can…
Ventricular Shunt and Burr Hole Puncture Ann-Christine Duhaime James F. Wiley II Introduction Children with ventricular shunts can present to the emergency department (ED), office, or clinic with signs or…
Lumbar Puncture Kathleen M. Cronan James F. Wiley II Introduction Lumbar puncture (LP) is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In most cases, it is…
Heel Sticks Susan Duffy Dale Steele Introduction Capillary blood sampling by means of a heel stick is used to obtain blood for hematologic, biochemical, and blood gas analysis in elective…
Emergency Management of Selected Congenital Anomalies Gail S. Rudnitsky Sonia O. Imaizumi Introduction Congenital anomalies requiring surgical intervention in the immediate postnatal period are not uncommon. Approximately 2% of all…
