Obgyn Key

Goiter Craig A. Alter Wilma C. Rossi Andrew J. Bauer INTRODUCTION Goiter (enlargement of the thyroid gland) arises under a variety of clinical circumstances. Morbidity from an enlarged thyroid ranges…

Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Upper Sara Karjoo Chris A. Liacouras INTRODUCTION The presence of hematemesis usually suggests that the site of bleeding is proximal to the ligament of Treitz. Common sites of…

Gastrointestinal Bleeding, Lower Sara Karjoo Chris A. Liacouras INTRODUCTION The presence of blood in the gastrointestinal tract is always abnormal. Blood in the stool can occur in several forms: hematochezia…

Electrolyte Disturbances Christopher J. LaRosa DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS LIST* Sodium imbalance Potassium imbalance Calcium imbalance Magnesium imbalance Phosphate imbalance Metabolic acidosis Metabolic alkalosis *Normal pediatric laboratory parameters vary according to age…

Fever Fran Balamuth Elizabeth R. Alpern INTRODUCTION Fever is the abnormal elevation of body temperature. It is a nonspecific sign of disease. The significance of fever lies in its indication…

Edema René VanDeVoorde INTRODUCTION Edema refers to the clinical condition in which an excessive amount of fluid accumulates in the extravascular interstitial space of the body. The balance of competing…

Ear, Painful Christine S. Cho INTRODUCTION Diseases that produce ear pain are common maladies of childhood. Many cases of otalgia are caused by acute otitis media. Otitis externa is also…

Drowning Mercedes M. Blackstone INTRODUCTION Terminology Historically, the terminology used to describe drowning events has been somewhat confusing. The World Congress on Drowning has suggested that the term drowning be…

Diarrhea, Chronic Andrew Grossman INTRODUCTION Stool output of 10 g/kg per day (in infants) or 200 g/kg per day (in children) is defined as diarrhea. Chronic diarrhea is the persistence…

Diarrhea, Acute Catherine C. Wiley INTRODUCTION Acute diarrhea is defined as stools with increased water content and frequency for a period of <5 to 7 days. Most cases of acute…