Obgyn Key

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Microphthalmia, anophthalmia, and coloboma represent a spectrum of developmental anomalies of the eye known as MAC. Prevalence is 1 in 10,000 births. Approximately…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Defined as an increased distance between inner and outer canthi. Prenatal sonographic measurements are obtained from either the outer-to-outer or inner-to-inner bony orbital…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Facial malformation characterized by mandibular hypoplasia and a small receding chin that fails to maintain the tongue in a forward position. Incidence is…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Defined as “true” and “relative.” In “true” macroglossia histologic abnormalities are present. In “relative” macroglossia, the tongue is normal but appears large due…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Defined as a decreased distance between the medial aspects of the orbital walls. Incidence is approximately 1 in 1220 livebirths. Main concern is…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Overall incidence is 1 in 700 births. Marked ethnic and racial variation occurs in cleft lip with or without cleft palate. Seventy percent…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Second most common facial anomaly after cleft lip and palate. Characteristic findings include hypoplasia of malar, maxillary, and/or mandibular regions of the face…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points Open spinal cord defect that protrudes dorsally, is not covered by skin, and is associated with spinal-nerve paralysis. Current prevalence in the United…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points The vein of Galen is a single, midline structure formed by the convergence of the two internal cerebral veins and the basal veins…

KEY POINTS Print Section Listen Key Points There are two main forms of porencephaly: (1) developmental porencephaly and (2) congenital encephaloclastic porencephaly. The first type represents primary failure of neuronal…