Obgyn Key

Key Points • Cytomegalovirus (CMV) can cause both primary and nonprimary infections. Around 50% of the pregnant women are seronegative; 1% will develop primary infection during pregnancy. Prenatal diagnosis relies…

Key Points • Fetal growth restriction (FGR) is practically defined as a sonographic estimated fetal weight of less than the 10th percentile for gestational age. In actuality, a growth-restricted fetus…

Key Points • Fetal hydrops is defined as the accumulation of fluid in two fetal compartments (abdominal ascites, pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, skin or scalp oedema). It may also be…

Key Points • Most fetuses with a prenatal diagnosis of a congenital abnormality can be managed expectantly. For some conditions, in utero referral is mandatory for planned delivery and management…

Key Points • Fetal tumours are rare and should be managed by an experienced multidisciplinary team. • Magnetic resonance imaging is an important imaging modality in the diagnosis and management…

Key Points • Hydrops fetalis is a pathological condition of excessive fluid accumulation in at least two extravascular compartments, including fetal soft tissues and body cavities. Hydrops fetalis is a…

Key Points • A limited number of congenital malformations of the respiratory tract can be identified directly by prenatal sonography. • These malformations should be described systematically because definitive diagnosis…

Key Points • Diagnosis of skeletal anomalies is challenging and requires time and a team approach, including clinical geneticists, paediatricians and pathologists. • This chapter deals with the prenatal diagnosis…

Key Points • Congenital diaphragmatic hernia occurs in 1 to 4 in 10,000 births. The condition is isolated in more than 50% of the cases. • The main causes of…

Key Points • When a fetal urinary tract anomaly is identified, careful ultrasound examination is required to exclude coexistent anomalies. • In the presence of a coexistent anomaly, the risk…