Pelvic Organ Prolapse: Anterior Prolapse
DEFINITION Print Section Listen Pelvic organ prolapse is defined as the descent of one or more of the anterior vaginal wall, posterior vaginal wall, the uterus, or the apex of…
Pelvic Imaging
Print Section Listen The clinical evaluation of pelvic floor disorders hinges on patient history and physical examination. Standardized systems for the clinical assessment of pelvic organ prolapse, such as the…
Apical Pelvic Organ Prolapse
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Pelvic organ prolapse (POP) is the downward descent of the female pelvic organs that results in a protrusion of the vagina and/or uterus. It usually involves…
Pain of Urogenital Origin
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Key Point To appropriately evaluate and treat pain of urogenital origin, a good understanding of the broad differential diagnosis spanning multiple organ systems is needed. In…
Posterior Vaginal Wall Prolapse
POSTERIOR WALL PROLAPSE Print Section Listen Posterior wall prolapse, bulging or herniation of the bowel along the dorsal aspect of the vagina, is a component of the constellation of pelvic…
Anorectal Investigations
OVERVIEW OF CONTINENCE AND DEFECATION Print Section Listen The anorectum has similar functions as the bladder and urethra: storage and emptying. To maintain continence, the anorectum must deal with solid,…
Urinary Tract Infections
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Urinary tract infections (UTIs) are one of the most common clinical problems worldwide and can result in significant morbidity. They affect 50% of adult women in…
Urgency and Mixed Urinary Incontinence
DEFINITION, EPIDEMIOLOGY, AND IMPACT Print Section Listen Key Points Urgency urinary incontinence is a subset of overactive bladder characterized by urinary urgency with incontinence. Mixed urinary incontinence includes women with…
Evaluation of Bladder Function
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen Many patients are initially reluctant to seek treatment for pelvic organ prolapse and will later cite that it was a change in their bladder function, including…
Voiding Phase Dysfunction
INTRODUCTION Print Section Listen The purpose of the lower urinary tract is to allow for low-pressure bladder filling and storage of urine without incontinence and voluntary complete expulsion of urine….
