Leukocoria H. Christian Davidson, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Retinoblastoma Less Common Retinal Detachment Retinopathy of Prematurity Persistent Hyperplastic Primary Vitreous Coats Disease Coloboma Congenital Cataract Rare but Important Toxocariasis, Orbit…
Macrocephaly Alexander J. Towbin, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Benign Extracranial Collections of Infancy Hydrocephalus Child Abuse Less Common Neurofibromatosis Type 1 Vein of Galen Aneurysmal Malformation Rare but Important Tay-Sachs…
Enlarged Lymph Nodes in Neck Bernadette L. Koch, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Reactive Lymph Nodes Suppurative Lymph Nodes Hodgkin Lymphoma, Lymph Nodes Cat Scratch Disease Non-Hodgkin Lymphoma, Lymph Nodes Non-TB…
Cistern, Subarachnoid Space Normal Variant Karen L. Salzman, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Cavum Septi Pellucidi (CSP) Mega Cisterna Magna Flow-Related MR Artifacts Enlarged Subarachnoid Spaces Less Common Cavum Velum Interpositum…
Bowing Bones Christopher G. Anton, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Physiologic Bowing Blount Disease Less Common Rickets Fibrous Dysplasia Neurofibromatosis Osteogenesis Imperfecta Rare but Important Congenital Tibial Dysplasia Congenital Bowing Achondroplasia…
Scrotal Mass Sara M. O’Hara, MD, FAAP DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Inguinal-Scrotal Hernia Epididymoorchitis Hydrocele Varicocele Testicular Torsion Torsion of Testicular Appendage Testicular Rupture/Hematoma Less Common Spermatocele/Epididymal Cyst Pyocele Tubular Ectasia…
Congenital Foot Deformity B. J. Manaster, MD, PhD, FACR DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Metatarsus Adductus Pes Planovalgus (Flexible Flatfoot) Club Foot (Talipes Equinovarus) Tarsal Coalition Less Common Congenital Vertical Talus (Rocker…
Small Bowel Obstruction Eva Ilse Rubio, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Appendicitis Adhesions Ileocolic Intussusception Midgut Volvulus Inflammatory Bowel Disease (Crohn Disease) Incarcerated Inguinal Hernia Less Common Hirschsprung Disease Meconium Plug…
Cystic Abdominal Mass Alexander J. Towbin, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Hydronephrosis Ovarian Cyst Multicystic Dysplastic Kidney Pancreatic Pseudocyst Appendiceal Abscess Duplication Cyst Less Common Splenic Cyst Urachal Cyst Hydrometrocolpos Choledochal…
Optic Nerve Sheath Lesion Bernadette L. Koch, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Optic Neuritis Optic Pathway Glioma Less Common Idiopathic Orbital Inflammatory Disease (Pseudotumor) Lymphoproliferative Lesions, Orbit Sarcoidosis, Orbit Rare but…
