Hydrops Paula J. Woodward, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Nonimmune Hydrops Idiopathic Cardiac Structural Cardiac Defect Tachyarrhythmia Bradyarrhythmia Fetal Masses Hemangioendothelioma Teratoma Vascular Malformations Placental Chorioangioma Chromosome Abnormalities Turner Syndrome (XO)…
Abnormal Umbilical Vessels Anne Kennedy, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Single Umbilical Artery Hypoplastic Umbilical Artery Velamentous Cord Less Common Persistent Right Umbilical Vein Fused Umbilical Cords Conjoined Twins Twin Reversed…
Intrauterine Growth Restriction Roya Sohaey, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Placental Insufficiency Less Common Chromosome Abnormality Trisomy 18 (T18) Trisomy 13 (T13) Triploidy Twin-Twin Transfusion Syndrome Isolated Anomalies with IUGR Gastroschisis…
Severe Limb Shortening Janice L. B. Byrne, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Thanatophoric Dysplasia Osteogenesis Imperfecta Diabetic Embryopathy Less Common Achondrogenesis Limb Reduction Defect Rare but Important Hypophosphatasia Homozygous Achondroplasia Amelia,…
Abnormal Fetal Posture/Movement Janice L. B. Byrne, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Spina Bifida Trisomy 18 Arthrogryposis, Akinesia Sequence Fetal Constraint Less Common Body Stalk Anomaly Caudal Regression Sequence Fetal Hypoxia/Severe…
Abnormal Umbilical Cord Anne Kennedy, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Umbilical Cord Cyst Allantoic Cyst with Patent Urachus Omphalomesenteric Duct Cyst Pseudocyst Cystic Wharton Jelly Omphalocele (Mimic) Physiologic Gut Herniation (Mimic)…
Postpartum Hemorrhage Anne Kennedy, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Uterine Atony Intrauterine Blood Clot Retained Products of Conception Less Common Placenta Accreta Spectrum Uterine Dehiscence/Rupture Endometritis Rare but Important Gestational Trophoblastic…
Angulated Bones Janice L. B. Byrne, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Thanatophoric Dysplasia Osteogenesis Imperfecta Diabetic Embryopathy Less Common Campomelic Dysplasia Kyphomelic Dysplasia Abnormal Joint Angulation Rare but Important Hypophosphatasia Fetal…
Cesarean Section Complications Karen Y. Oh, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common During Pregnancy Placenta Accreta Spectrum Dehiscence Uterine Rupture Postpartum Bladder Flap Hematoma Endometritis Normal Cesarean Section Scar (Mimic) Less Common…
Antepartum Hemorrhage Anne Kennedy, MD DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Common Placental Abruption Placenta Previa Marginal Sinus Previa Less Common Placenta Accreta Spectrum Rare but Important Vasa Previa ESSENTIAL INFORMATION Key Differential Diagnosis…
