Head

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Head

Head 6.1 Ventriculomegaly Description and Clinical Features Ventriculomegaly, also called “hydrocephalus,” is defined as increased volume of cerebrospinal fluid within the cerebral ventricles. This is manifested by dilation of some…

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Amniotic Fluid

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Amniotic Fluid

Amniotic Fluid 21.1 Oligohydramnios Description and Clinical Features Oligohydramnios refers to an abnormally low volume of amniotic fluid. Causes of oligohydramnios from the mid second trimester onward include the following:…

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Fetal Growth and Well-Being

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Fetal Growth and Well-Being

Fetal Growth and Well-Being 18.1 Fetal Biometry and Growth Description and Clinical Features Fetal measurements play an important role in second and third trimester ultrasound. Two of the key uses…

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Gastrointestinal Tract

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Gastrointestinal Tract

Gastrointestinal Tract 12.1 Esophageal Atresia Description and Clinical Features Esophageal atresia is a disorder in which the esophagus is obstructed by a segment that has complete obliteration of the lumen….

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Adrenal Gland

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Adrenal Gland

Adrenal Gland 15.1 Hemorrhage and Calcification Description and Clinical Features Neonatal adrenal hemorrhage may be seen in the setting of perinatal asphyxia and neonatal sepsis. Thus, adrenal hemorrhage in the…

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Thorax

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Thorax

Thorax 10.1 Bronchopulmonary Dysplasias Description and Clinical Features Abnormal formation of lung tissue and bronchi and/or aberrant arterial blood supply to part of the lung results in a spectrum of…

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Ventral Wall

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Ventral Wall

Ventral Wall 13.1 Omphalocele Description and Clinical Features An omphalocele is a ventral wall defect at the umbilicus through which abdominal contents herniate into the base of the umbilical cord….

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Face

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Face

Face 8.1 Cleft Lip and Palate Description and Clinical Features Cleft lip is a congenital defect in the upper lip that is usually laterally located and often extends into the…

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Neck

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Neck

Neck 9.1 Thickened Nuchal Fold (16–20 Weeks Gestation) Description and Clinical Features Neonates with trisomy 21 (Down syndrome) often have thickening of the soft tissues in the posterior neck. This…

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Spine

Feb 2, 2020 by in GYNECOLOGY Comments Off on Spine

Spine 7.1 Spina Bifida and Meningomyelocele Description and Clinical Features Spina bifida results from abnormal development of the neural tube, with failure of the posterior vertebral arches to close and…

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