Infantile hemangioma Infantile hemangioma (IH) is the most common vascular tumor encountered during early infancy. It is a benign proliferation of endothelial cells that characteristically undergoes a phase of rapid…
Papulosquamous disorders Psoriasis Introduction Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory papulosquamous disease with an estimated prevalence of 1% in children. Pediatric psoriasis is subdivided into congenital, infantile, and childhood, defined as…
Introduction Examination of the mucous membranes is an important, yet often overlooked, part of the neonatal evaluation. This chapter discusses abnormal cutaneous findings of the oral, genital, and ocular systems….
Introduction Skin disorders characterized by infiltrative lesions can be present at birth or develop during the first few months of life. Some represent frank neoplasms, both benign and malignant, whereas…
Acneiform disorders Neonatal acne (neonatal cephalic pustulosis) Neonatal acne (acne neonatorum) is a very common newborn eruption, occurring in up to 20% of healthy babies. Lesions are not present at…
Introduction Hyperpigmented lesions, presenting at birth and during the first few weeks of life, are quite common. Pigmented lesions can range from small and isolated to large and multiple. They…
Introduction Eruptions in the diaper region have diverse origins. This chapter will review eruptions, both common and uncommon, that have major findings in the diaper area not only in neonates…
Introduction Nails are specialized cutaneous appendages composed of hard keratins similar to those found in hair, and are unique to primates. In humans, nails function as a stabilizing unit to…
Introduction A diverse group of conditions present with hypopigmentation in neonates and infants. A practical clinical approach would be to categorize them according to the distribution of the hypopigmentation: generalized,…
Introduction The subcutaneous fat cushions the overlying skin, insulates and provides energy storage, and protects underlying soft tissue and bony structures. Although not fully functional at birth, a well-developed fatty…
