13 Gastroenterology Vomiting Crying Acute abdominal pain Recurrent abdominal pain Gastroenteritis Malabsorption Toddler diarrhoea Inflammatory bowel disease Constipation Features of gastrointestinal disorders in children are: • Vomiting, abdominal pain and diarrhoea…
18 Kidney and urinary tract disorders Congenital abnormalities Urinary tract infection Enuresis Proteinuria Haematuria Hypertension Renal masses Renal calculi Renal tubular disorders Acute kidney injury Chronic kidney disease The spectrum…
16 Respiratory disorders Respiratory infections Asthma Recurrent or persistent cough Chronic lung infection Cystic fibrosis Sleep-related breathing disorders Tracheostomy Long-term ventilation Notable features of respiratory disorders are: • Worldwide, respiratory disorders…
9 Perinatal medicine Pre-pregnancy care Antenatal diagnosis Obstetric conditions affecting the fetus Maternal conditions affecting the fetus Maternal drugs affecting the fetus Congenital infections Adaptation to extrauterine life Neonatal resuscitation …
27 Neurological disorders Headache Seizures Epilepsies of childhood Motor disorders Central motor disorders Cerebral palsy Peripheral motor disorders: the neuromuscular disorders Ataxia Cerebrovascular disease Neural tube defects and hydrocephalus The…
22 Haematological disorders Anaemia Bone marrow failure syndromes Bleeding disorders Thrombosis in children Haemopoiesis is the process which maintains lifelong production of haemopoietic (blood) cells. The main site of haemopoiesis…
21 Malignant disease Aetiology Clinical presentation Investigations Treatment Supportive care and side-effects of treatment Leukaemia Brain tumours Lymphomas Neuroblastoma Wilms tumour (nephroblastoma) Soft tissue sarcomas Bone tumours Retinoblastoma Rare tumours …
17 Cardiac disorders Epidemiology Aetiology Circulatory changes at birth Presentation Diagnosis Nomenclature Left-to-right shunts Right-to-left shunts Common mixing (blue and breathless) Outflow obstruction in the well child Outflow obstruction in…
26 Musculoskeletal disorders Assessment of the musculoskeletal system Variations of normal posture Abnormal posture The painful limb, knee and back Limp Arthritis Genetic skeletal conditions Features of musculoskeletal disorders in…
7 Accidents, poisoning and child protection Accidents Poisoning Child protection Children need a safe, healthy and nurturing environment to achieve their full potential. Environmental hazards include accidents and poisons. Protecting…
