• Understanding the physiology of neonatal respiratory control has served as an effective guide to common therapeutic approaches. • Both the acute and longer-term consequences of intermittent hypoxia secondary to…
• The ductus arteriosus plays a vital role in fetal life but failure to constrict and close postnatally, particularly in a premature infant, can result in systemic to pulmonary shunting….
• Lung development involves lung bud initiation, branching morphogenesis, saccular formation, alveolar septation, and accompanying vascular development that begins in the embryonic period and continues through fetal and postnatal periods….
• Lung vascular development occurs as highly choreographed sequence, regulated by hypoxia inducible factors, vascular endothelial growth factor, nitric oxide, and other transcription factors and mediators. • In addition to…
• Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) is a common complication of prematurity that results from abnormal lung development that leads to chronic impairment of lung function. • Use of standard diagnostic classifications…
• Invasive mechanical ventilation of neonates increases their risk of developing bacterial infection of the lower airways and lung parenchyma, which is termed “ventilator-associated pneumonia” (VAP). • VAP is diagnosed…
• Both very and late preterm infants have worse respiratory health in childhood and adolescence. • Very preterm survivors have worse lung function, particularly airway obstruction, in childhood up to…
Acknowledgment This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grants nos. HL071113, HL087166, HL129907, HL122626, and HL133536. • Contrary to conventional teaching, culture-independent molecular techniques have confirmed that the…
• Traditional biomarkers are not very useful in bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) as the pathogenesis of BPD is multifactorial and the clinical phenotype is variable. • Novel systems biology–based “-omic” approaches…
Whole-Body Cooling Ela Chakkarapani Marianne Thoresen Moderate therapeutic hypothermia (HT; rectal or esophageal temperature 33.5°C) initiated within 6 hours of birth and continued for 72 hours reduces death or disability…
