Amenorrhea Valerie Lewis INTRODUCTION Amenorrhea, defined as the absence of menses, is common during adolescence. Determining the underlying cause of amenorrhea necessitates an understanding of the normal menstrual cycle. Although…

Ambiguous Genitalia Jennifer A. Danzig Lorraine E. Levitt Katz INTRODUCTION Genitalia are defined as ambiguous when it is not possible to categorize the gender of the child based on outward…

Alopecia Catherine S. Zorc INTRODUCTION Tinea capitis, trichotillomania, alopecia areata, and telogen effluvium account for >95% of cases of alopecia in children. The growth cycle of hair consists of an…

Abdominal Pain, Chronic Kristin N. Fiorino DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS LIST Neonate/Toddler Functional Infant colic Infant dyschezia Infant regurgitation Eosinophilic gastroenteritis Gastroesophageal reflux disease Milk-protein allergy Child/Adolescent Functional Abdominal migraine Appendiceal colic…

Abdominal Pain, Acute Paul Ishimine INTRODUCTION The evaluation of acute abdominal pain in a child presents a challenge to any clinician. A common chief complaint, the causes of abdominal pain…

Abdominal Mass Marc H. Gorelick INTRODUCTION In children, abdominal masses present in variable ways. Some produce symptoms or signs; others remain silent even when large. An abdominal mass may be…

Well-Newborn Care Andria Barnes Ruth Kathleen Wholey Zsolway INTRODUCTION The birth of a new baby is a marvelous time for a family, full of excitement as well as some uncertainty…

Feeding Infants Susan A. Friedman Brenda Waber NUTRITIONAL NEEDS OF HEALTHY FULL-TERM INFANTS Table 6-1 summarizes the nutritional needs of a healthy full-term infant. HINT: Contraindications to both breast- and…

Immunizations Alexander G. Fiks IMMUNIZATION SCHEDULE Figure 5-1 presents the recommended childhood immunization schedule for children and adolescents. The following are important general issues to consider: The simultaneous administration of…

Developmental Disabilities Patty Huang INTRODUCTION When caring for children with developmental disabilities, the physician must consider possible causes for the disorder, screening for problems associated with the disorder, and interventions…