Mechanical Ventilation in the Operating Room
Fig. 65.1 Arrangement of the various Mapleson circuits (a–f). The circuits vary based on the site of introduction of the fresh gas flow (FGF), pop-off or airway pressure relief valve,…
PEDIATRICS
Setting the Ventilator in the NICU
Situation Examples Predominant pathophysiological disturbance(s) Mode PEEP* V T range (mL/kg) Considerations regarding ventilator mode and settings Apnoea Preterm infant with apnoea of prematurity Ex-preterm infant with respiratory syncytial virus…
Clinical Use of Nonconventional Modes of Ventilator Support
and David J. Durand9 (8) Section of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Arkansas Children’s Hospital, 1900 Maryland, Little Rock, AR 72202, USA (9) Department of Physiology and Pediatrics,…
Selective Pulmonary Vasodilators
(3) Department of Pediatrics, UC Davis Children’s Hospital, University of California, Davis, 2516 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA 95817, USA Educational Objectives Understand the regulation and physiologic functions of the nitric…
Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation in Acute Hypoxic Respiratory Failure
Complication Comments Oxygenator failure It is unusual for an oxygenator to fail completely, but they do lose efficiency over time Pump tubing (raceway) rupture Only in the roller pump system…
Setting the Ventilator in the PICU
Conventional ventilator settings Common pitfalls Mode: Variable, decelerating inspiratory flow pattern is preferred to (a) optimize patient comfort and (b) augment mean airway pressure while minimizing peak inspiratory pressure Volume-limited…
Organization Characteristics in Oceania
Fig. 72.1 Map of Oceania 72.1 Neonatal Services Neonatal services providing ventilation in Australia and New Zealand range from being extremely centralized in some areas (e.g., Western Australia) to being…
Automated Control of Oxygen in Neonates
Fig. 60.1 Histograms of SpO2 and FiO2 show increased time within the target range of SpO2 and a striking reduction in time spent with high SpO2 during automated FiO2 adjustment…
Indications for Nonconventional Ventilation Modes
and Peter C. Rimensberger8 (7) Pediatric Intensive Care Unit, University Medical Center Utrecht, 85090, 3508 AB Utrecht, The Netherlands (8) Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital of…
Respiratory Physiotherapy and Endotracheal Suctioning During Mechanical Ventilation
Fig. 24.1 Left lung collapse due to mucus plugging before (a) and after (b) chest physiotherapy It is important to note that the ‘indications or contraindications for or against chest…
