Gross Air Leaks
Fig. 34.1 Pulmonary interstitial emphysema. (a) Severe. This was often seen in the presurfactant era. Note the overdistension and the pneumothorax on the right side (With courtesy of Pr C….
PEDIATRICS
Evaluating Mechanical Ventilators for Use in Neonatal and Pediatric Patients
Fig. 67.1 Improvement in neonatal outcomes (Adapted from Meadow et al. (2004)) All technology is not created equal. We have often been forced to use devices and instruments in neonatal…
Pediatric Acute Lung Injury
Onset Acute Oxygenation ALI PaO2/FiO2 < 300 (regardless of positive end-expiratory pressure level) ARDS PaO2/FiO2 < 200 (regardless of positive end-expiratory pressure level) Chest radiograph Bilateral infiltration seen on frontal chest radiograph Pulmonary artery…
High-Frequency Oscillatory Ventilation in the Neonate
(4) Department of Pediatrics, Service of Neonatology and Pediatric Intensive Care, University Hospital of Geneva, CH-1211, Geneva 14, Switzerland 45.1.1 Indication and General Considerations The classical approach was to…
Surfactant
and Roger F. Soll9 (8) Department of Neonatology, State University of New York at Buffalo and ONY, Inc., Amherst, NY, USA (9) Department of Pediatrics and Environmental Medicine, University of Rochester, Rochester,…
Drug Nebulization During Mechanical Ventilation
(7) Department of Respiratory Care, Seattle Children’s Hospital Foundation, Research Institute, 4800 Sand Point Way NE, Seattle, WA 98105, USA Educational Goals Understand the basics of aerosol characteristics. Describe the…
Bronchiolitis
Pulse oximetry should be performed in every child who attends hospital with acute bronchiolitis Infants with pulse oximetry oxygen saturation (SpO2) ≤ 92 % require inpatient care Decision about infants with SpO2…
Monitoring Interactions Between Spontaneous Respiration and Mechanical Inflations
The equation explains the interaction of between the patient’s generated pressure, P mus, and the ventilator’s generated pressure, P appl. These pressures overcome the resistance (R rs) and elastance (E…
Noninvasive Respiratory Support in the Paediatric Patient
(4) Paediatric Intensive Care Unit, Kremlin Bicetre Hospital, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux, 78 rue du Général Leclerc, 94270 Le Kremlin Bicêtre, France Continuous positive airway pressure experience is mostly derived from retrospective…
Post-extubation Stridor
Fig. 36.1 Lateral radiograph of dynamic obstruction during inspiration for a child with subglottic (extrathoracic) airway obstruction from malacia. Notice how the airway caliber gets smaller during inspiration and returns…
