Local and Regional Anesthesia
Local and Regional Anesthesia Audra McCreight Maria Stephan Introduction Local anesthesia is a useful adjunct in the treatment of pediatric patients with a variety of injuries and illnesses. Local anesthetics…
PEDIATRICS
Nitrous Oxide Administration
Nitrous Oxide Administration John H. Burton Christopher King Introduction Nitrous oxide has a long history of utilization and experimentation over the last 2 centuries. The first documented medical application of…
Retrograde Urethrography and Cystography
Retrograde Urethrography and Cystography Floyd S. Ota Introduction Early recognition and treatment of injury to the pediatric lower genitourinary tract following trauma can prevent significant morbidity. Pediatric bladder and urethral…
Procedural Sedation and Pain Management Techniques
Procedural Sedation and Pain Management Techniques Sandra J. Cunningham Waseem Hafeez A second of pain lasts as long as a day of pleasure. —Proverb Introduction Pain can be defined as…
Emergency Thoracotomy
Emergency Thoracotomy Christine E. Koerner Brent R. King Introduction Few procedures are as dramatic as open emergency thoracotomy. This technique can save a child from otherwise certain death when performed…
Thoracostomy and Related Procedures
Thoracostomy and Related Procedures Steven Baldwin Thomas E. Terndrup Section A: Thoracostomy Procedures Introduction This chapter is divided into two sections. The first section describes the issues and procedural details…
Autotransfusion
Autotransfusion Elliot M. Harris James D’Agostino Introduction Autotransfusion or autologous blood transfusion is the collection of blood from a hemorrhaging trauma victim, its preparation, and its reinfusion. Autotransfusion was first…
Control of Exsanguinating External Hemorrhage
Control of Exsanguinating External Hemorrhage William Tsai Kathleen Brown Introduction The control of exsanguinating external hemorrhage is an important skill needed in the treatment of childhood injuries. While most injuries…
Surgical Cricothyrotomy
Surgical Cricothyrotomy Gary R. Strange Leo G. Niederman Introduction The majority of children who require airway control or assisted ventilation can be managed with standard means such as bag-valve-mask (BVM)…
Cardioversion and Defibrillation
Cardioversion and Defibrillation Richard J. Scarfone Christine S. Cho Introduction Synchronized cardioversion is the application of direct current electricity to terminate dysrhythmias. Current is timed (synchronized) so that it is…
