General Pediatric Ophthalmologic Procedures Alex V. Levin Introduction Physicians caring for children will be confronted with a number of ocular problems, including trauma, infection, inflammation, and ocular manifestations of systemic…
Ventricular Puncture James F. Wiley II Ann-Christine Duhaime Introduction Ventricular puncture refers to the removal of cerebrospinal fluid directly from the intracranial ventricular system by way of an open fontanel…
Subdural Puncture George A. Woodward Carolyn M. Carey Introduction A subdural puncture (commonly referred to as a subdural “tap”) is used to evacuate subdural blood or fluid. This procedure can…
Ventricular Shunt and Burr Hole Puncture Ann-Christine Duhaime James F. Wiley II Introduction Children with ventricular shunts can present to the emergency department (ED), office, or clinic with signs or…
Lumbar Puncture Kathleen M. Cronan James F. Wiley II Introduction Lumbar puncture (LP) is used to obtain cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In most cases, it is…
Heel Sticks Susan Duffy Dale Steele Introduction Capillary blood sampling by means of a heel stick is used to obtain blood for hematologic, biochemical, and blood gas analysis in elective…
Emergency Management of Selected Congenital Anomalies Gail S. Rudnitsky Sonia O. Imaizumi Introduction Congenital anomalies requiring surgical intervention in the immediate postnatal period are not uncommon. Approximately 2% of all…
Umbilical Vessel Catheterization Aris C. Garro James G. Linakis Introduction Umbilical vessel catheterization is used frequently in the newborn period for transfusion therapy, blood pressure monitoring, emergency delivery of medications…
Prevention and Management of Meconium Aspiration Jordan D. Lipton Introduction Meconium staining of the amniotic fluid is thought to indicate fetal distress and is seen predominantly in infants who are…
Neonatal Resuscitation Procedures Alan Fujii Robert J. Vinci Introduction Neonates require cardiopulmonary resuscitation more commonly than any other age group. It is estimated that 10% of newborn deliveries will require…
