Fig. 1 Typical appearance of a patient with Madelung deformity. Note the obvious appearance of a prominent ulnar with volar subluxation of the hand/carpus There is some debate regarding the…

Fig. 1 X-ray showing an osteosarcoma arising from the proximal humerus with large soft tissue mass Plan x-rays can also provide valuable information when evaluating soft tissue tumors. For example,…

Fig. 1 Radial nerve anatomy and muscle innervation (Courtesy of Shriners Hospital for Children, Philadelphia) (Copyright Dan A. Zlotolow) As it passes over the anterolateral capsule of the radiocapitellar joint…

Fig. 1 (Dinh 2009) Clinical photo demonstrating the subcutaneous location of the metacarpal head in a dorsal metacarpophalangeal dislocation. Note the position of the radial digital nerve which can often…

Fig. 1 (a–c): Examples of the spectrum of clinical presentation of constriction bands. (a) Constriction bands causing hourglass deformity at the base of the fingers. (b) Deeper bands on the…

Fig. 1 Bado classification of Monteggia fractures (Courtesy of Dan A. Zlotolow, MD) A modification of Bado’s classification was described specifically for children by Letts and associates (Letts et al….

Fig. 1 Seventeen year-old male that sustained a medial arm laceration involving the ulnar nerve (Courtesy of Shriners Hospital for Children, Philadelphia). (a) Medial arm laceration. (b) Loss of flexor…

Fig. 1 Schematic anatomy of the right brachial plexus (Marcus and Clarke 2008) (Courtesy of Quality Medical Publishing) A number of means of classifying the obstetrical brachial plexus injury exist:…

Fig. 1 Diagram of the extensor mechanism (this was taken from Hand Clinics, if Springer has one please substitute) Wrist extensors include the extensor carpi ulnaris (ECU), the extensor carpi…

Grade Modified Tardieu scale Modified Ashworth scale 0 No resistance to passive ROM No increase muscle to passive ROM 1 Slight resistance with no clear catch Slight increase in tone,…