Fig. 1 Indirect inguinal hernia. The indirect inguinal hernia passes first through the internal inguinal ring and then through the external inguinal ring after traversing the inguinal canal (Source: National…

Fig. 1 Double aortic arch. Esophagus and trachea are encircled by the dominant right (Right AA) and the hypoplastic left (Left AA) aortic arches. The left subclavian (LSCA) and common…

Fig. 1 Exposure of Thoracic spine only (Source: Christopher Coppola)     2. Exposure of lumbar spine only: (a) Patient is positioned lateral decubitus with proper padding and a deflatable…

Fig. 1 The jugular vein, subclavian vein, and associated anatomic landmarks (Source: Christopher Coppola)   (c) Subclavian: Patient is positioned supine, with Trendelenburg, and a roll between the shoulder blades….

Fig. 1 Vaccination schedule for children 0–18 years old (From Centers for Disease Control, Atlanta, GA. http://​www.​cdc.​gov/​mmwr/​preview/​mmwrhtml/​su6201a2.​htm. Downloaded 31 Dec 2013)   5. Fig. 2 Catch-up immunization schedule for persons…

Fig. 1 Potential location of a thyroglossal duct cyst (Source: Bryan Walters)   (c) Some thyroglossal duct cysts contain thyroid tissue.     2. Clinical findings: (a) History: (i) Painless…

Fig. 1 Classification of biliary atresia (Source: Bryan Walters and Christopher Coppola)   (e) No proved etiology, but may be due to prenatal infection initiating a process of inflammation and…