Oral Health Supervision   Ada M. Fenick and Linda P. Nelson   The condition of children’s teeth and the associated tissues are critical to their well-being. A child with poor…

International Pediatric Ophthalmology   Sherwin J. Isenberg and Leonard Apt   EPIDEMIOLOGY Approximately 500,000 children become blind worldwide each year. This figure represents one new case of pediatric blindness every…

Listeriosis   Ziad M. Shehab   Listeria monocytogenes is a food-borne pathogen that causes disease primarily in neonates, pregnant women, the elderly, and the immunocompromised host.1 It is worldwide in…

Brucellosis   Ziad M. Shehab   Brucellosis is a worldwide zoonosis of wild and domestic animals and is most commonly found in countries of the Mediterranean basin, the Arabian Gulf,…

Campylobacter   Guillermo M. Ruiz-Palacios   Campylobacter species are among the most common pathogens in humans and are commensal in birds, swine, and cattle. It is the most common cause…

Diseases of Myocardium   Jeffrey A. Towbin   The myocardium can be affected by inflammatory (infectious or immune-mediated), metabolic, infiltrative, ischemic, or primary disease processes. These disorders may be inherited…

Screening   Ada M. Fenick   PRINCIPLES OF SCREENING Much of the history and physical examination obtained at each health supervision visit is directed toward the identification of undetected problems…

Other Paroxysmal Disorders   Sanjeev V. Kothare   Many childhood disorders have paroxysmal features. It is therefore not uncommon that these episodes are interpreted as seizures. In this section, common…

Phakomatoses   Mustafa Sahin   The phakomatoses refer to a variety of neurocutaneous syndromes.1 Almost all are multisystem disorders that are embryonal in origin. Neurofibromatosis type 1 and tuberous sclerosis…

Enterococcus   Dwight A. Powell   Historically classified as group D streptococci, enterococci are now classified as a separate genus with at least 35 different species. EPIDEMIOLOGY Only two species,…