Transition is the long process of developing independent self-management skills whereas transfer is the actual move from pediatric to adult-centered provider. Structured anticipated transition works best with timelines of tasks…
Eosinophilic esophagitis (EoE) is an atopic disease that is characterized by an isolated infiltration of eosinophils into the epithelium of the esophagus and is triggered by specific allergens. Patients should…
Chronic viral hepatitis is a global health threat and financial burden. Hepatitis B and C viruses (HBV and HCV) are the most common causes of chronic viral hepatitis in the…
Excellent outcomes over the last 3 decades have made liver transplantation the treatment of choice for many advanced liver disorders. This success also opened liver transplantation to new indications such as…
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is considered the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and has become the most common form of chronic liver disease in children and adolescents. The histologic…
Neonatal jaundice is common and usually not concerning when it is secondary to unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia, below the neurotoxic level, and resolves early. Primary care providers should be vigilant, however, about…
Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), including Crohn disease, ulcerative colitis, and IBD-unspecified, is a chronic immune-mediated condition of the gastrointestinal tract in which the goal of treatment is to induce and…
Gastrointestinal motility disorders in the pediatric population are common and can range from benign processes to more serious disorders. Performing and interpreting motility evaluations in children present unique challenges. There…
Gluten-related disorders include celiac disease (CD), wheat allergy, and nonceliac gluten sensitivity. CD is an autoimmune enteropathy caused by damage to small intestinal mucosa when gluten is ingested in genetically…
There is a broad clinical spectrum of gastrointestinal bleeding in children, ranging from subtle laboratory findings to dramatic clinical presentations. This review provides a framework for the evaluation and management…
