Childhood vasculitis is a challenging and complex group of conditions that are multisystem in nature and often require integrated care from multiple subspecialties, including rheumatology, dermatology, cardiology, nephrology, neurology, and…
Pediatric scleroderma includes 2 major groups of clinical entities, systemic sclerosis (SSc) and localized scleroderma (LS). Although both share a common pathophysiology, their clinical manifestations differ. LS is typically confined…
The juvenile idiopathic inflammatory myopathies are a group of rare, chronic, multisystem, autoimmune diseases associated with muscle weakness. This article reviews practical issues of relevance to pediatricians, including clinical presentation,…
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune disease with a wide range of disease manifestations that can involve any organ system, and can lead to significant morbidity and even…
Cytokine storm syndromes (CSS) are a group of disorders representing a variety of inflammatory causes. The clinical presentations of all CSS can be strikingly similar, creating diagnostic uncertainty. However, clinicians…
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) encompasses a complex group of disorders with arthritis as a common feature. This article provides the pediatrician with a review of the epidemiology, classification, clinical manifestations,…
This article presents five clinical scenarios in which the initial manifestations of pediatric rheumatic diseases constitute life-threatening medical emergencies. It is intended as a problem-oriented guide for pediatricians to assist…
In children, laboratory evaluations can assist in the screening of patients for inflammatory disorders, confirm diagnoses, allow for monitoring of disease activity and response to therapy, and suggest prognoses and…
Arthritis is manifested as a swollen joint having at least 2 of the following conditions: limited range of motion, pain on movement, or warmth overlying the joint. This article discusses…
The immune system consists of 2 branches: innate and adaptive . The former represents the first line of host defense during infection and plays a key role in the early…
