Lymphomas in Children and Adolescents
Fig. 9.1 Classical Hodgkin Lymphoma featuring one Reed-Sternberg cell surrounded by an inflammatory background. There are five eosinophils in the field. MGG ×60 RS cells may be bi-nucleated or may…
PEDIATRICS
Thyroid Tumors
Thyroid carcinomas Other thyroid tumors Papillary carcinoma Teratoma Follicular carcinoma Primary lymphoma and plasmacytoma Poorly differentiated carcinoma Ectopic thymoma Undifferentiated (anaplastic) carcinoma Angiosarcoma Squamous cell carcinoma Smooth muscle tumors Mucoepidermoid…
Concentric Macro EMG
Technique Recording surface Recording area (mm2) Number fibers in one motor unit studied (fibers) Utility Single fiber EMG Small; 25 μm at side-port 0.0005 1–2 Analysis of neuromuscular transmission Concentric…
Radiculopathies and Plexopathies
Fig. 17.1 Anatomy of the spinal cord, nerve root and vertebral body. Cross sectional (axial) view of the spine showing a sketch (left) and MRI T2-weighted image (right) revealing: (1)…
Sensory Studies
Fig. 4.1 Median digit III orthodromic study recording over the median nerve at the wrist and stimulating digit III Fig. 4.2 (a, b). Median palmar sensory study (orthodromic) recording over…
Pediatric Cranial Neuropathies
Age (years) Number of subjects Orbicularis oculi Orbicularis oris 0–1 120 3.1 ± 0.8 5.3 ± 1.7 1–3 91 3.3 ± 0.5 5.4 ± 1.6 3–9 89 3.5 ± 1.0…
Myopathies and Myotonic Disorders
Fig. 22.1 CK serum levels on most muscle disorders in paediatric population. (serum CK expressed in IU/L) Electrophysiologic Evaluation EDX evaluation for muscle disorders in the pediatric population can be…
Acquired and Hereditary Neuropathies
1. Anatomical site(s) that are clinically involved: − Brain − Cranial nerve(s) − Spine − Nerve plexus − Sensory ganglia − Nerve root(s) − Motor neuron − Peripheral nerve(s) 2. Non-neurological findings − Non-neurological organ involvement − Concomitant diseases (auto-immune disease, cardiac…
Anatomy and Physiology of Peripheral Nerves
Fibre type Diameter (μm) Conduction Velocity (m/s) Myelination Function Afferent fibers IA 12–20 70–120 Large myelinated From muscle spindles IB 12–20 70–120 Large myelinated From Golgi tendon organs II 6–12…
Muscle Analysis
Fig. 9.1 Positive sharp waves (a) and fibrillation potentials (b). Note the initial positive (downward) deflection of both types of potentials. Courtesy Hugh J. McMillan, MD The analysis of motor…
