Introduction The assessment of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) in infants shares many similarities with older children. Polysomnography and clinical assessment are the cornerstones in both. Infants, however, have considerable changes…
Introduction “And this woman’s son died in the night …” 1 Kings 3: 19 (∼950 B.C.) Authors’ note to the reader: This chapter describes and discusses the sudden and unexpected…
Developmental changes in sleep behavior 0 to 24 months General considerations While there are general trends in normal sleep development across the first 2 years of life (and beyond) as…
Introduction Sleep is a behavioral state characterized by decreased motor activity and reduced interaction with the external environment with easy reversibility. It is one of the most vital primary activities…
Introduction Sleep is a vital process, characterized by decreased consciousness with inhibited motor activity and rapid reversibility. Respiratory physiology during sleep undergoes a multitude of maturational changes during childhood, especially…
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal skin matures with gestational age with increasing thickness, less permeability, and higher density of sweat and sebaceous glands. Keratinization begins at 24 weeks and matures near…
KEY POINTS 1. Nearly half of all very low birth weight infants may have had brain injury due to hypoxia-ischemia, arterial ischemic stroke(s), inflammation, infection, and intraventricular hemorrhages (IVHs). 2….
KEY POINTS 1. All organizations, be it in healthcare or in any other sector(s) of society, strive for effective, potentially transformational leadership. 2. In any health-care system, infants receiving care…
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal intensive care unit graduates are at risk of neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI). 2. NDI can occur in cognitive, motor, vision, hearing, or language domains and can seriously…
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are organized for the clinical care of premature and critically ill newborn infants. 2. Healthcare centers require a well-considered structure to enable…
