Birth Injury
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Birth injuries are an uncommon complication of vaginal and cesarean delivery. Injuries range from those that are minor and require no further diagnostic evaluation or treatment…
PEDIATRICS
Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Approximately 4.4% of women of childbearing years use illicit drugs or abuse prescription medications, including marijuana, cocaine, hallucinogens, heroin, sedatives, painkillers, and stimulants.1 Infants born to…
Hypoglycemia and Infants of Diabetic Mothers
HYPOGLYCEMIA Print Section Listen BACKGROUND Glucose is the preferred oxidative energy source for the central nervous system. At birth, the sudden loss of a continuous maternal glucose supply requires a…
The Well Newborn
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen The majority of full-term newborns have an uneventful postnatal course. Once the newborn transitions from the intrauterine to extrauterine environment, management centers on routine care and…
Delivery Room Medicine
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen In order for a normal transition from fetal to newborn physiology to occur, a complicated and well-orchestrated sequence of physiologic changes must transpire. While the majority…
Renal Tubular Acidosis
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Renal tubular acidosis (RTA) refers to a collection of renal transport defects in the reabsorption of bicarbonate or the secretion of hydrogen ion, or both, resulting…
Nephrotic Syndrome
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Nephrotic syndrome is one of the most common renal diseases in childhood. In recent estimates, idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, the most common type, occurs in about 16…
Transient Tachypnea of the Newborn and Persistent Pulmonary Hypertension
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Respiratory distress occurs frequently in newborns and can be a presenting symptom of both benign and life-threatening diseases. Failure of any of a complex series of…
Renal Venous Thrombosis
BACKGROUND Print Section Listen Renal venous thrombosis (RVT) is a condition in which a thrombus forms in the venous drainage system of one or both kidneys. The thrombus can extend…
