Introduction Respiratory failure is a common and serious clinical condition in newborn infants that is associated with an increased risk of neonatal morbidity and mortality. Although respiratory failure occurs in…
History of the Use of Oxygen in Clinical Medicine Although anecdotal information indicates that oxygen was already known by the Chinese in the thirteenth century, our present knowledge of its…
Introduction Respiratory illnesses are among the most common and potentially life-threatening conditions encountered in the newborn. This makes the radiologic examination of the infant chest a common and essential tool…
Effective mechanical ventilation of newborn infants is a relatively late phenomenon in the care of newborn infants, having evolved within the lifetime of many practitioners active today. The death in…
Introduction The goals of neonatal intensive care include the preservation of cardiorespiratory function and optimal tissue oxygen delivery, prevention of cerebral injury, and ensuring survival with normal neurodevelopment. While respiratory…
Understanding the physiology of the normal lung, the pathophysiology of the diseased lung, and how various forms of respiratory support affect lung physiology and function are key to achieving the…
Acknowledgement The authors acknowledge the contributions of Drs David Durand and Nick Mickas, previous authors of this chapter. Arterial blood gas measurements are the gold standard by which the adequacy…
Introduction Over the past few decades the instruments available for examining the airway have evolved to become increasingly smaller while providing better optical resolution. It is now possible to directly…
Acknowledgments We thank Drs. Corinne L. Leach and Sara Berkelhamer for their critical review of the chapter. Gas exchange is a dynamic process that is dependent on complex interactions between…
Caring for critically ill newborns takes years of training in which the clinician learns both the art and the science of the field. Relatively little time is spent learning about…
