Children’s interstitial lung disease (ILD) encompasses a heterogeneous group of uncommon lung disorders with varying clinical presentations and morbidity. Because these conditions often involve the alveoli and distal airways, and…
Most episodes of pneumonia resolve spontaneously or with limited medical therapy. Certain groups, those with underlying diseases, those with anatomic or functional abnormalities, or immunocompromised patients, are more prone to…
Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is an acute lung infection that results most commonly in children from viral or bacterial pathogens. CAP remains the most important cause of death in children worldwide….
Keywords Croup, laryngitis, laryngotracheitis, spasmodic croup, laryngotracheobronchitis, bacterial tracheitis, laryngotracheobronchopneumonitis, epiglottitis, supraglottitis, stridor, cough, hoarseness, fever, sore throat, headaches, muscle aches, coryza, stuffiness, H. influenzae type b, Adenoviruses, Parainfluenza viruses…
Bronchiolitis and infectious asthma, which also is called asthmatic bronchitis, wheezy bronchitis, or virus-induced asthma, are common illnesses of children, characterized by symptoms of upper respiratory tract infection and signs…
Chronic bronchitis is a serious and costly health problem in adults. The World Health Organization estimates 23.6 million adults have chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, representing more than 15% of the…
Keywords Bronchitis, acute inflammatory disease, upper respiratory tract viral infection, tracheal infection, bronchial infection, tracheobronchial symptoms, rhinitis, diffuse pharyngeal erythema, rhonchi, referred breath sounds, adenoviruses, enterovirus, coxsackieviruses b, echoviruses, polioviruses,…
Otitis media is a broad term that includes acute otitis media (AOM), otitis media with effusion (OME), chronic otitis media with effusion (COME), and chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM). This…
Keywords Mastoiditis, suppurative infection, ear pain (otalgia), draining ear (otorrhea), postauricular swelling, postauricular tenderness, postauricular fluctuance, acute otitis media, Streptococcus pneumoniae , Streptococcus pyogenes , Staphylococcus aureus , aerobic gram-positive…
Although most infections of the oral cavity in children are odontogenic and may be treated simply with local measures, the occasional spread of these infections to adjacent or distant fascial…
