Organization of Neonatal Intensive Care
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) are organized for the clinical care of premature and critically ill newborn infants. 2. Healthcare centers require a well-considered structure to enable…
PEDIATRICS
Early Detection of Cerebral Palsy
Key Points 1. Cerebral Palsy (CP) originates from an injury or abnormality in the developing brain, resulting in abnormal muscle tone, and consequently, in altered movement, posture, and motor function….
Serious Communication in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit: Evidence for Strategies and Training
KEY POINTS 1. With a high incidence of morbidity and mortality, the care of critically ill newborns brings unique complexities in communication between the care providers and families. 2. Because…
Early Diagnosis and Intervention in Neonatal Intensive Care Units
KEY POINTS 1. Most infants who develop neurodevelopmental disability (NDD) are normal on examination at birth. 2. Surveillance for NDD must start with neurologic examination in the neonatal intensive care…
Designing Clinical Trials in Neonatology—International Trials
KEY POINTS 1. Assessing therapeutic safety and efficacy of a drug/device or technology requires carefully designed trials that are sufficiently powered to detect differences in outcomes. 2. International trials can…
Early Diagnosis and Intervention—On Neonatal Follow-Up
KEY POINTS 1. The care of a sick infant must continue into childhood, and families must be guided just as diligently after discharge as they were during intensive care. 2….
Palliative Care Family Support in Neonatology
KEY POINTS 1. Neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) admission rates have increased over time, with a consequent increase in the number of extremely premature and critically ill infants who are…
Esophageal Surgery in Neonates: Esophageal Atresia, Gastroesophageal Reflux, and Other Congenital Anomalies
KEY POINTS 1. Esophageal surgery in neonates includes the treatment of esophageal atresia, gastroesophageal reflux, congenital esophageal stenosis, esophageal duplication, and vascular rings. 2. Esophageal atresia, with or without tracheoesophageal…
Developmental Anomalies of the Cornea and Iris in Neonates
KEY POINTS 1. Causes of primary neonatal corneal opacification include congenital hereditary endothelial dystrophy (CHED), posterior polymorphous corneal dystrophy, congenital hereditary stromal dystrophy (CHED), and corneal dermoid. Secondary causes include…
Nasal Obstruction in Newborn Infants
KEY POINTS 1. Nasal obstruction in neonates can cause respiratory distress and feeding difficulty, as newborns rely heavily on nasal breathing. 2. Mild cases of nasal obstruction can be observed,…
