Fetal Preoperative Imaging Gunes Orman Amy Mehollin-Ray Thierry A. G. M. Huisman Gregor Kasprian INTRODUCTION Imaging of pregnant women is currently performed with various imaging modalities that include: Radiography, scintigraphy,…
Surgical Instruments Gary Andrew Dildy BACKGROUND According to Ochsner, the knife was the first tool developed by humans, and it is thought to be used as far back as 8,000…
A Brief Overview of Needles, Sutures, and Knots Mark Turrentine Surgical interventions during obstetrics may be required in the antepartum (e.g., cervical/abdominal cerclage and open or minimally invasive maternal and/or…
Health Inequities in the Postpartum Period/Pregnancy Interval Care Ashish Premkumar Divya Mallampati Melissa A. Simon Introduction Health disparities in the United States, both in terms of access to health care…
The Fourth Trimester Jeannie C. Kelly George A. Macones Introduction The term, “the fourth trimester,” was originally coined by pediatrician Dr Harvey Karp in his popular parenting books to describe…
Spontaneous Preterm Labor and Delivery Offer Erez Talia Lanxberg Tal Rafaeli Yehudai Limor Besser Elad Laron Nandor Gabor Than Arnon Wiznitzer Introduction Preterm birth (PTB) is a major global health…
Puerperium and Lactation: Physiology of the Reproductive System Anat Shmueli Introduction The puerperium is typically described as the postpartum period approximately 6 to 8 weeks after delivery, during which time…
Prolonged Pregnancy Eyal Krispin Introduction Prolonged pregnancy’s definition varies; however, postterm is usually defined as a pregnancy that exceeds 42 weeks of gestation or any pregnancy that continues past 294…
Prelabor Rupture of Membranes Ali Alhousseini Dotun Ogunyemi Marta Szymanska Sun Kwon Kim Ray Oliver Bahado-Singh Definitions Prelabor or premature rupture of membranes (PROM) refers to rupture of the chorioamniotic…
Cervical Insufficiency Eran Hadar Yinon Gilboa Arnon Wiznitzer Introduction Cervical insufficiency is commonly acknowledged as the uterine cervix’s inability to retain a second-trimester gestation.1 Medically, other than midtrimester pregnancy loss,…
